Erythrasma (Viêm đỏ nếp kẽ do vi khuẩn) là một tình trạng da thường gặp ảnh hưởng đến nếp gấp da vùng nách, ở vùng háng và giữa các ngón chân.
Bệnh được cho là có liên quan tới các yếu tố sau:
• Khí hậu nóng ẩm
• Đổ nhiều mồ hôi
• Bệnh tiểu đường
• Béo phì
• Vệ sinh kém
• Ở người lớn tuổi và các trạng thái suy giảm miễn dịch khác.
Vi khuẩn gây bệnh Erythrasma là loại trực khuẩn có tên Corynebacterium minutissimum.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG
Erythrasma biểu hiện dưới dạng các mảng màu hồng hoặc nâu giới hạn rõ kèm vảy mịn hoặc vết nứt ở bề mặt da. Bệnh có thể gây ngứa nhẹ.
Các vị trí hay gặp của Erythrasma là nách, háng và giữa các ngón chân. Nếp khe mông, nếp dưới vú và vùng da quanh rốn cũng có thể bị ảnh hưởng. Nhiễm trùng lan rộng thường liên quan đến bệnh đái tháo đường.
CHẨN ĐOÁN
Erythrasma có biểu hiện lâm sàng đặc trưng. Chẩn đoán có thể được hỗ trợ bởi các xét nghiệm sau:
• Đèn Wood: bức xạ tia cực tím bước sóng dài làm cho sang thương Erythrasma phát huỳnh quang màu hồng san hô do chất coproporphyrin III do vi khuẩn tiết ra. Sự phát huỳnh quang sẽ không thấy được nếu da bệnh nhân đã rửa sạch gần đây vì porphyrin hòa tan trong nước sẽ trôi đi.
• Phết hoặc cạo da để nhuộm Gram hay cấy.
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